Use a time-stamped plan of timed light plus melatonin to shorten jet‑lag recovery; timing is critical [3].
Plan for gradual recovery—about a day per time zone crossed (a simple rule of thumb for lay readers), while evidence from controlled studies often reports measured average circadian phase‑shift rates nearer ~1 hour per day for many people, so actual re‑entrainment can be faster or slower—and expect eastward travel to cause worse, longer..[3].
Time bright light to shift your clock: seek morning to advance (east travel) and afternoon/evening to delay (west) [6]. This guidance is derived from the phase response curve (PRC) to light: evidence suggests (Associations Between Jet Lag and Cortisol Diurnal ) that light exposure after your internal minimum of core body temperature (Tmin) tends to produce phase advances, whereas light before Tmin tends to produce phase delays, so timing relative to your internal Tmin or habitual wake time matters.
Time daylight plus evening melatonin to shift your clock faster; use morning/early-afternoon caffeine for alertness...
Melatonin can shift circadian timing to ease jet‑lag; proper timing, formulation, and provider advice are essential [3].
Shift sleep preflight, match in‑flight sleep to destination night, and use timed light by direction [13][3][6][7]
Melatonin has modest, inconsistent jet‑lag effects; light‑timing works but needs individual tailoring [8][11][4].